Mongolian language (монгол хэл)

Spoken mainly:	In Mongolia , Inner Mongolia (China)
Language family:	Altaic
Branch of language family:	Mongolian
Writing system:	Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet
Native speakers:	5-6 million
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Some facts about Mongolian:

— Mongolian is spoken mainly in all of the contemporary Mongolia (where the Cyrillic alphabet has been used since 1943) and Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region of the People’s Republic of China (where the classical Mongolian script is used).

Example of the classical Mongolian script that came from the Uyghur script in the thirteenth century.

— The closest relatives are the Buryat and Kalmyk languages that are considered to be the Mongolian dialects by some researchers.

— Mongolian has an agglutinative morthology, that means that new words are created by adding the variety of affixes to a word root. Every affix has a certain grammatical meaning. That is one of the main differences from the Indo-European languages, a special feature of which is a fusional wordbuilding where an ending and a suffix have several meanings. This structural characteristic is the main basis of the hypothesis of the Altaic language family that also includes the Turkic languages and in a broad aspect — Korean and the Japanese-Ryukyuan languages.

— The Mongolian vocabulary is supposed to have Turkish, Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, Chinese loanwords through the history. The newest words were borrowed from Russian, English, Chinese.

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