Hindi (हिन्दी)
Spoken mainly: | In India |
Language family | Indo-European |
Branch of language family | Indo-Aryan |
Writing system: | Devanagari |
Native speakers: | 366 million (3d largest in the world) |
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Some facts about Hindi:
— When they say “Hindi”, they mean a group of dialects in the North of India. To be more specific, it is Khariboli dialect that formed the basis of Modern Standard Hindi. The former is a working language of the Federal Goverment of India, along with English (there are 22 official languages in India).
— Today there is no singular point of view on the status of each dialect of Hindi — whether it is just a dialect or an independent language. Besides, the Hindi language isvery diverse by its nature.
— During the times of the Delhi Sultanate (13-16th centuries) and the Mughal Empire (16-19th centuries) Hindi was largely influenced by the Arabic and Persian languages. In modern Hindi it can be seen in a good deal of Arabic and Persian lexicon units. On the other hand, Hindi belongs to the Indo-European languages and founds a genetic relation with the Baltic and Slavic languages.
— The role of Hindi’s ancestor for the East — Sanskrit — can be compared with the role of Latin and Ancient Greek for the Western civilization: it was the language of intercultural communication, literature, and science.
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